Reading Matching
D. The CTBT bans all nuclear tests by everyone, everywhere, and for all time to help protect the world from the consequences of these explosions. By banning nuclear tests.the Treaty can help prevent the development of nuclear weapons by countries that do not currently have them, upgrades to existing nuclear arsenals, or the creation of new, more powerful nuclear weapons. The Treaty is backed by a state-of-the-art verification system that can detect a nuclear test anywhere in the world. It has become a cornerstone of the international nuclear non-proliferation architecture and an essential stepping stone on the path to nuclear disarmament.
E. The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) uses four different monitoring technologies to detect nuclear tests anywhere in the world. Its International Monitoring System (IMS) comprises seismic stations monitoring for an underground test:hydroacoustic stations detecting underwater, infrasound stations listening for ultra-low-frequency soundwaves; and radionuclide stations detecting radioactive particles or gases. This global network of monitoring stations provides data to CTBTO's International Data Center (IDC), which is processed and distributed to CTBTO's Member States. Once the Treaty enters into force. Member States will be able to gather further evidence on the ground if there is a suspected violation of the Treaty.
F. Although it has not yet entered into force, the CTBT enjoys near-universal support with 186 signatures and 177 ratifications (at the time of publication) and has already established a powerful norm against nuclear testing. Between the Trinity Test in July 1945 and when the CTBT opened for signature in September 1996, more than 2,000 nuclear tests were conducted. Since the Treaty opened for signature, only 10 announced tests have taken place, with only one state conducting tests this century. The ability to detect these test explosions ensures that no country can conduct a nuclear test in secret.
G. Although the Manhattan Project's mission was to put an end to World War II, the global community continues to deal with its impacts today. The bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were estimated to have caused as many as 166,000 deaths. Today, at a time when the nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament regime seems to be eroding, the Treaty is one of the few bright spots on which there is near-universal agreement.
Read the text carefully and match the following information to the appropriate paragraph.Some paragraphs could be used more than once.
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Paragraph D
Paragraph E
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